A public thesis defense was held for master's student Rafad Abdul Qader Sabah Al-Qaisi in the Department of Biology / College of Education for Women / University of Anbar, for her thesis entitled:

"The Effect of Sleeve Gastrectomy on the Gene Expression of Selected Metabolic Genes and Some Biochemical Indicators."

The examination committee consisted of:

• Asst. Prof. Dr. Mohammed Abbas Jassim – Chair
• Prof. Dr. Anwar Abdulnasser Dhiban – Member
• Asst. Prof. Dr. Hadeel Abdulilah Abdulrazzaq – Member
• Asst. Prof. Dr. Nagham Khudair Mahdi – Member and Supervisor

The researcher conducted a comparative study to examine the impact of morbid obesity and sleeve gastrectomy on the gene expression of Leptin and Ghrelin, in addition to analyzing a set of biochemical markers in the blood. The sample included 75 participants, divided into three groups: healthy individuals, individuals with morbid obesity, and patients who had undergone sleeve gastrectomy.

 Key Findings of the Study:

• A notable increase in Leptin gene expression after the surgery, indicating a positive metabolic response.
• A clear decrease in Ghrelin gene expression, contributing to appetite suppression and weight control.
• Significant improvement in lipid profiles and liver function markers post-surgery.
• Observed differences between males and females, as well as the influence of genetic factors such as blood type.
• The findings confirm that sleeve gastrectomy is effective in modifying molecular pathways associated with obesity, positioning it as a promising therapeutic option.